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IR spectroscopy can be used for the identification and quantification of organic and inorganic compounds. Infrared light has wavelengths between 700 nm and 1 mm. It is invisible to the eye, but can be perceived by the skin as thermal radiation.
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Molecules absorb certain wavelengths depending on their shape and composition. IR radiation can induce vibrations and rotations in molecules. By analyzing where in the wavelength spectrum molecules absorb and to what intensity, functional groups can be identified and quantified (see the figure below). The advantage with this method is that quantitative analyses can be performed with small sample amounts.
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